The Pittsburgh Press from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania • Page 42

THE PITTSBURGH PRESS A via ionHo hies TEN THIRD SECTION OCTOBER 12. 1MI Junior Aviation Science Modelers Insanity, Qroup Of American Doctors Will Wage War On IsAosquito Threatening China's Life Line Pittsburgh Aviation Civilian Pilots, Owners of Private Planes, Operators Of Airports in Steel City Area to Discuss Plan to Stimulate Flying Activity U. S. Lend-Lcasc Assistance Takes Form Of Medicines, Spray Pumps, Paris Green By HENRY WARD A plan to stimulate interest in private flying in the Pittsburgh district will be discussed at a special meeting of the Pittsburgh Aero Club in the Flier's Club, near County Airport, tomorrow night. Civilian pilots, owners of private airplanes and operators of airports in the Pittsburgh district have been invited to the "pow-wow." Clifford Ball, president of the Aero Club, expects to conduct the meeting along the lines of an open forum with pilots Doctor Gives By VICTOR H.

HAAS, M. D. Chief, American Medical Commission to China Winging across the Pacific by clipper from San Francisco is a 16-man corps of American public health specialists, equipped with pills, Paris green, kerosene and spray pumps. Its destination is the Chinese province of Yunnan on the Burma border, and it is on a Lease-Lend mission to protect China's lifeline from an aerial foe more effective than Japanese bombs. That foe is malaria, killer of millions, thief of energy that cripples more millions, making them unable to carry on the vital job of building a new Burma road of steel rails for swift transportation of supplies to beleaguered China.

The Medical Commission to China was appointed In August by Surgeon General Thomas Parran of the U. S. Public Health Service at the request of the Chinese government. The responsibility of the commission is to control malaria and to supervise sanitation and medical care among 250,000 Chinese workers who are building a raliroad near the Burma highway. The Burma highway is China's only open road to the outside world.

Despite the recent accomplishments of American traffic experts under the leadership of Mr. David Arnstein. that one slender line Is not enough to keep supplies flowing inland to China's armies. The new railroad is being rushed to completion to relieve this con These Chinese children are being examined to see whether they have enlarged spleens which are a sign of malaria infection. March of Science Majority of Falls in Home Occur on Porches, Steps Speaker at National Safety Congress Describes Features Which Will Prevent Accidents in Houses CHINA gestion.

It will begin in Lasnio, starting point of the Burma highway, and will continue through Yunnan Province by a different route, rejoining the Burma road at Kun-ming. Yunnan is a land of desolate hills and steaming valleys, with few towns or villages. Hundreds of miles of the lonely new right-of-way run through one of the aangerous iranic nazaras oi nomc, By Science Service CHICAGO, Oct. li ine most sweet home are encountered when side stairs. So the National Safety Congress man, editor of the "Architectural Record," who reported ways in which home designers can reduce the chances of bumps, falls and broken Give Hints On Props Handbook Outlines Proper Method Of Carving By CHARLES TRACY Junior Aviator Technical Advfoer With the end of the fall flying season in sight, many Junior Aviators are turning their attention to the construction of new models during the coming months for next year's contests.

To many young modelers this means that a new batch of propellers must be carved or purchased. But to date we have found no ready-made substitute which could take the place of a hand-carved balsa prop. One of the best descriptions of the steps in carving a prop appeared in a handbook published recently by a model builder's supply company. The company is managed by a group of former contest model "champs" who are constantly ex-1 perimenting with devices and methods for improving the performance of model aircraft. Their suggestions are based on keen reasoning and practical experience.

Correct Procedure Outlined According to them, here's the correct procedure for carving a balsa prop: Draw the blank outline on the block. Drill the shaft hole, using a hardwood drill guide, then cut the block to the exact blank outline this does not include the curved outline of the blade tips. Cut away the bottom camber or back of the blade to a flat surface. Do this to both blades before carving the front. Draw a line one-third of the blade width back from the leading edge.

Cut the front portion of the under-camber to this one-third line. cut away the rear part. All this while you should be checking both blades to make sure they are similar. Sandpaper with rough and smooth grades until the undercamber is completed. Constant Checking Required The upper camber is carved away with care as the thickness becomes critical.

The exact airfoil shape can be had by continuous checlc with fingers for differences in thickness. Cut tips to simple elliptical outline and sand smooth, checking for balance. Cement a bushing in the shaft hole. Coat the blades with clear dope, sandpaper, and then apply about four coats of cement thinned with dope until you obtain a celluloid skin which protects and strengthens the blades. You can use silk or paper for covering, but you will have to add several coats of cement or woodfiller to fill the pores.

firmly will the card seem to cling to the table top. Findings On Weak Hearts Research Worker Blames Hereditary Factors For Poor Organs By Science Service saltxmukg weak hearts are inherited; or, to put it another way, constitution less resistant to the causes, whatever they may be, of heart and blood vessel diseases is inherited. Statistical evidence for this is reported by Dr. Antonio Ciocco, of the U. S.

National Institute of Health and the Johns Hopkins Sschool of Hygiene and Public Health, in the scientific journal, "Human Studying death certificates, fam ily histories and life insurance records of 2309 white men, Dr. Ciocco discovered that "death from cardiovascular (heart and blood vessel) diseases was more frequent among the fathers and mothers of men who died from cardiovascular diseases than among the parents of men who died from other causes." Seeking an explanation for this. Dr. Ciocco ruled out contagion, which would play a role only in the case of rheumatic heart disease, and living conditions on the ground that at the, time the men applied for life insurance policies both parents were dead and the men themselves had reached adulthood in presumably good health. The findings do not necessarily mean, Dr.

Ciocco warns, that the way to prevent heart and blood vessel disease is by selective breeding. Rather, he hopes, the findings will lead to a realization that a family history of heart and blood vessel disease in an otherwise healthy per son is "a forecasting sign indicating! the probable need for special caret and observation." I The Route saps energy ana siows up won. xt takes the laborer off the job for days at a time. Malaria, in its virulent form, often causes death. Even with China's teeming population to draw from, it takes time to replace good workers.

And China hopes to complete the new railroad in 15 months. There are two effective methods of fighting malaria. One is to fight the mosquito that carries it; the other is to give the 250.000 patients the drugs that will fight malaria in their bodies. The two effective drugs are quinine and atabrine. The Chinese government is providing physicians, nurses, sanitary engineers and 800 laborers to assist us.

The expenses of the commission, including more than a million dollars' worth of medical and other supplies, will be provided by the United States under the terms of the Lease-Lend Act. We expect to start operations about Nov. 1, at which time we will have on hand 10 million tablets of quinine, two million tablets of atabrine and an ample supply of Paris green, kerosene, spray pumps, and other anti-mosquito supplies. It will not be as difficult for us to get quinine as it is now to get it in the United States, since quinine will come direct to us from Java. Atabrine will come from the United States.

Later, probably by midwinter, we will get 25 million more tablets of quinine and two million more of atabrine. Solve Scientific Problems Yourself Simple Experiments Shov Gasoline Don'tMix Deranged Drivers Menace Public, Says Doctor By Science Service CHICAGO, Oct. 11 The "crazy driver" who whizzes by you at 70 miles an hour may be insane literally. Probably the most vicious group of dangerous drivers on the highways are the mentally ill, Dr. Lowell S.

Selling of the Psychopathic Clinic of Detroit's Recorder's Court told the National Safety Congress here. "Even in cities where there are a number of highly developed psychiatric and mental hygiene clinics," he said, "there are individuals who are suffering from mental diseases. Some of them have never been sent to a doctor, and in many cases then-own families do not know that they are insane. "The average layman does not recognize symptoms of insanity un less the patient's behavior is extremely bizarre." Symptoms Described Some of the mentally ill have grandiose ideas. They think they are more important than other people and that they can pay for any amount of damage they might do to life or property with their cars.

Some are nervous, unstable and excitable so that in an emergency they "blow up" and do the wrong thing. Sufferers from the meital disease dementia praecox, or schizophrenia, are likely to include the type of person with violent suspicions and false ideas that he is being persecuted by the police or mysterious organized groups. Such a person may interpret a gesture of a pedestrian as being a sign to some conspirator in a plot and deliberately run his car into the pedestrian to kill him in what is imagined to be "self protection." In almost all mental disorders which are due to actual destruction of parts of the brain the sufferer is likely to be bewildered or confused, Dr. Selling said. Such a person may have an accident because he realiy doesn't know what he is doing.

Fainting Spells Common Cases of organic brain disease, like pniipntirs mnv lose consciousness at tn wheel. And there are other tvpes of persons subject to such spells of fainting, Dr. Selling pointed out. It may happen because or an overdoes of sedatives or pain-relieving drug, syphillis of the brain, sleeping sickness, kidney disease or heart disease, or improper use of insulin. The question of whether feebleminded persons should be permitted to drive is a difficult one, Dr.

Selling said, and should be decided individually. There are very low grade individuals who obviously cannot drive a car; they can't read road signs. understand drivinar regulations, or manipulate the controls of the car. Between these very low grade de fectives and the normal in intelli gence there are many dull persons about whom it is difficult to decide. If these persons have excellent attitudes toward the right of others if they are physiologically in good condition and if they can learn by note the rules of the road, they may be safe drivers, he added Contest Schedule News of Model Flights In Tri-State Area TODAY, Model Wines Field, Cor Bower Hill and Vanadium near Mt.

Lebanon Model Wings Tri-State Championships. Time: 11 a. m. to 5 p. m.

Contest director: M. J. Thomas. Sanctioned by Academy of Model Aeronautics. Events: Class gas-powered planes, Class gas-powered ships, Class gas-powered models, rubber-powered stick models, rubber-powered fuselage planes.

Awards: Trophies and plaques. SUNDAY, OCT. 19. Model Wings Field, Cor. Bower Hill and Vana dium near Mt.

Lebanon Model Wings Tri-State meet. Time: 11 a. m. to 5 p. m.

Contest director: M. J. Thomas. Sane tioned by Academy of Model Aeronautics. Events: Class gas-powered models.

Class gas-powered ships. Class gas-powered planes. Awards: Motors for gas-powered planes and model building materials. To the winner of first place in each of the five events at the Model Wings Tri-State Championships today will go a trophy like that at left while second-place winners will receive plaques. world's most heavily Infested "ma laria" areas.

Along the way 250,000 workers will live In "railroad camps," where safe drinking water, sanitary facilities and medical services must be provided. And every day the commission must fight malaria, carried by swarms of mosquitoes. More than any other disease, malaria sabotages vital engineering projects in tropical areas. Malaria In the district where the commission will be working malaria is carried by the Anopheles minimus, a mosquito with a flight range of only one-half mile. The American malaria mosquito is another of the Anopheles family Anopheles quad-rimaculatus whose flight range is one mile.

So in Yunnan we shall have to fight the mosquito in smaller area surrounding the railroad workers than would be the case In this country. As construction progresses, the mass of workers and our base of operations will move forward, too. For this reason, it will not be necessary to undertake extensive drainage of mosquito breeding places. Drainage is a more permanent method of mosquito control than we shall need. Instead, we shall spray water courses and pools where Anopheles Everybody liki good puzzU and hero arc thr different typf of wooden block punU which you will enjoy making and which friends and boys in service will enjoy solving.

Make some for the boys in camp. Find and withdraw the key pin and the three-ring puzzle knocks down into twelve pieces. The assembling is far more difficult The piece must be cut with precision. Craft Pattern No. 1229 shows them full size and the order of placing them in assembling.

Why Airplanes Remain Aloft Rapidly Moving Air Causes Partial Vacuum Above? Wings Which Acually Lifts Ship Off Ground i jV i you are on the porches and out was told here by Roger W. Sher PtiANE By MAJOR AL WILLIAMS Chief of Junior Aviator Squadrons Formation flying requires a trained hand and it only requires one uncertain pilot in a formation to throw the gas? whole squadron 1 out of kilter. And no matter how brilliant the individual pilot may be, forma tion flying de-. pends upon con-fl: stant practice I with the same i ships and the same neooie ir National Air Races I remem-i wnere nine oi the best pilots I Ma jor Williams had ever seen together flew the worst kind of a formation. They'd been called together in a hurry to make up an emergency flight, and they wandered all over the sky until each line of the long looked like a freight train getting under way, where one car jerks the other forward and then halts its overrunning.

Hours Spent in Training: So the next time you see a military formation of 18 or 36 high-powered fighting planes roaring out of the sky, you will have some idea of what each pilot is thinking of. And if the formation is true and orderly you kneev that hours have been spent in training those pilots to act as a unit. I always got a thrill out of watching the Marine Corps squadron go a round target at the National Air Races. Seconds Count Even if it is a bit of imitation warfare, there's always a world of excitement in diving home a dive bombing attack. There's not much time to waste with your ship standing squarely on its nose, diving perpendicularly, the earth only a few hundred feet away.

The nose of the ship is oi the target, your left hand is on the bomb release lever. A fleeting glance at the place ahead, another at the air speed indication reading 260 miles an hour. It's split seconds from here on and your left hand yanks the bomb release and the right hand pulls back sharply and steadily to get the ship out of the dive and pointed again toward the sky. There's the effect of a mighty stimulation carried by a gigantic cocktail with no bad taste 4 mS ft 1 and operators invited to mount the "soapbox" and have their say on private flying in and about Pitts- burgh. Among the special guests expected at the conference will be John D.

Paulus. promotion manager of The Pittsburgh Press, and Elmer Price, of The Press staff. An indication of the vital part air travel is playing in national defense was revealed Mr. Ball during the past week by J. J.

"Donovan, vice president of Pennsylvania-Central Airlines. Mr. OTDonovan pointed out that the 86 per cent increase in PCA traffic in September of this year over the same month in 1940 was due chiefly to the heavy demand for speedy transportation brought about by the defense program. For the first nine months of this year PCA's traffic has increased more than 60 per cent over the same period in 1940. September was the 39th consecutive month that traffic over PCA's routes was sub stantially higher than that for the same month in the preceding year, Mr.

OTJonovan added. Yes, sir, it looks very much like Jerry's contention is correct "A vi-j ation is here to stay." I More enthused than ever about his Americus, school where young Englishmen are learning to ny the American way, William "Bill" Graham was in town recently for a few days on a business trip. More students have been assigned to the school, he reports, and there has been a big increase in the number of airplanes for Bob Hancock, former maintenance chief a County Airport, to keep a watchful eye on. "Bill" is now commuting between Georgia and Pittsburgh in a jseecncrait. The Pittsburgh Institute of Aeronautics intends to install a new Link trainer in the "ad" building at Bettis airport.

A Crowell trainer, which does not have the blind flying instruments of the Link, has been in operation at Bettis for some time. The Crowell will be used for the preliminary training of students and the Link for the more advanced pilots. PIA have moved a large part of its classes to the downtown headquarters, 100 Seventh St. Only advanced mechanical and flight training is now taught at the Bettis field quarters. Branches of the school have been set up in other cities.

Joseph Surgalia, Bettis field instructor, has signed up as instructor for the Hawthorne School of Aeronautics and will be based at the school's Orangeburg, S. school. Seckotary Hawkins Club- Girl Forms New Groups Secretary Asks Members To Start Chapters' By ED "SECKM RITENBAUGH Among the hundreds of letters that I received each week there is always one that stands heads and shoulders above the rest. One particular letter brims over with loyalty and enthusiasm for the Seek Hawkins Club It is from Willa Lo- vik, 10 Zimmerman Overbrook The very first paragraph of her letter tells a story that I want all members of the Seek Hawkins Club tr take to heart Willa Lovik organized a Seek Hawkins chapter in her own neighborhood, and her enthusiasm has carried it to a point where it today is one of our outstanding ones. But this young lady wasn satisfied to confine her efforts to just one group Willa has organized two others, and she is making them all function This brings me to the subject oi your individual efforts.

Are you do ing everything possible to enlarge the scope and membership of the Seek Hawkins Club in your section Don't be satisfied with your con nection with just one chapter. Branch out and organize one or two others. Willa has been handicipped by having to stay home a good deal due to the illness of one of the members of her family yet she finds time to step out of her own chapter and organize two others. Willa has so liked the entertainment and educational features of the club that she wants more and more boys and girls to share the fun of being a member. She is the type of leader we want.

We want boys and girls who want to broaden their horizon. You can do it if you put into the club that extra enthusiasm that Willa has, Don be satisfied to be just a member of the Seek Hawkins Club. Make up your mind to be an officer in this great organization. All it takes is the desire and will to lead. We'll help you in every way possible.

Don't hesitate. Now Is the time to start that new chapter and enjoy to the utmost the great program that we have arranged tor this fall and winter. a By JOSEPH H. KRAUS Science Service Staff Writer Why does an airplane fly. The answer to this question may puzzle those who have not studied the subject.

Scientists have established that two-thirds of the lift of an airplane's wings is produced by a partial vacuum created about the wings, the other third of the lift results from air pressure under the wings. The Enemy Here again we find that the Ber- minimus breeds with Paris green or with pyricide 20 diluted with kerosene. Adult mosquitoes will be killed in living quarters with pyrethruni sprays. Mosquito-control work will require at least 50 tons of Paris green, 200 gallons of pyricide 20, and 4000 gallons of kerosense. Every person employed on the railroad project and in the commission's work will be given anti-malarial drugs.

Either a five-grain quinine tablet is given every day, or two tablets, each containing one-tenth gram of atabrine, are given twice a week. These drugs attack the malaria parasites in the blood stream and prevent them from living out their life cycle, in the course of which the victim would suffer an attack of "chills and fever." noulli effect applies. Again the air which has been put into rapid motion produces a partial vacuum. When this happens, the air in the room tends to rush in to fill the low pressure area. However, the card blocks its path.

so to speak, with the result that bones. All parts of the house are not equally dangerous, Mr. Sherman told the congress. The bathroom, con trary to popular opinion, is only one- seventh as dangerous as porches and outer stairs, and, in fact, has the lowest percentage of accidents among the rooms in constant use. Since most porch and outer stair accidents are falls, Mr.

Sherman said that house designs should call for guard rails, non-slip treads, adequate lighting and an absolute minimum in changes of grade. En trance platforms, for example. should be only one step above the grade wherever possible. If this is not possible, said Mr. Sherman, steps and platforms should have guard rails and be effectively protected in some fashion from rain, sleet and snow.

Porches and terraces likewise should be very near the finished floor level," he explained, "and if rough surfacing is used, joints ought to be smoothed sufficiently, so tha there will be no danger of toe-stubbing or heel-tripping. It goes without saying that second floor porches ought to be protected with toe boards and high and sturdy railings. Workers Get Plastered For Sake of Health CHICAGO If you see any work ers all plastered in adhesive patches like an old inner tube maybe they are taking the patch test for skin irritation. A worker who has frequent skin irritation, should be patched with the materials that he contacts in his work. Dr.

Louis Schwartz of the Na tional Institute of Health told chem ists attending the National Safety congress nere. Knects or the patches snow materials to which his skin is sensitive. Although most skin irritations are likely to be caused by materials encountered at work," Dr. Schwartz added, "there are materials found only at home which may cause se-l vere irritations." Advocating that patch tests be ex tended to include these. home materials, he cited new furniture, some kinds of paint and certain plants as having caused some severe skin eruptions.

He advised protective clothine. especially designed with a particular v-J illivai llOOal All IIIXIIXA auuiIlK that rubber gloves that protect against acids and alkalies may not be at all effective against petroleum oils and volatile solvents. He also advised duplicate lockers and locker rooms, one for street clothing and one for working clothing, in indus tries where employes are in frequent contact with skin irritating materials, and said that workers in such plants should take a shower after work each day. Burglar's Steps Cause Alarm to Ring NEW YORK A fire alarm which operates as soon as there is a smell of burning, and a burglar alarm which functions, like a miniature seismograph, from the vibrations of an intruder's steps, have recently been invented in Switzerland. Descriptions of the new devices are given in an issue of Mechanical Engineering, taken from a Swiss publication.

Parts of a burning object, it is ex plained, are vaporized and become charged with electricity. The attraction between these charged particles make complex structure of millions of atoms, which float through the air. The detector is an electrical apparatus in which a small amount of radium ionizes the air molecules, and sets up a small electrical current. When the big clumps of molecules come along, this current is greatly increased, and sets off the warning signal. "The new fire alarm is said to be so sensitive that it functions even at the smallest fire," says the journal.

"A little smoldering cotton waste which produces only smoke, but no flame, causes the alarm to be given at once in a medium-sized room." The burglar alarm responds to vi brations of very high frequency, set up by the forceful opening of a door or window, or even a person's steps. These travel only a short distance. The alarm consists of a little ball, hung in a sealed glass tube. From the bottom of the ball projects a metal pin, which touches a wire ring, and completes an electrical circuit. When the quick vibrations come, the ball moves, and the circuit is momentarily broken.

This operates a relay and seta oft the alarm. CRAFT PATTERNS BY A. NEELY HALL the card is pressed more firmly to the table top. Let us now tear oft a strip of paper about eight inches long and about two inches wide. Fold over one end making a tab about a half inch long.

Hold this strip against your chin, as Li shown at No. 3, and blow hard. You will find that the paper, instead of being blown away, rises into the air stream. It moves up into the area of reduced pressure. The paper strip thus acts very much like the wing of an airplane and la lifted by the air stream.

Let us apply the experimental knowledge so obtained to an airplane. In the experiments we have performed we have had a moving column of air. We must now change the order of things. Instead of moving a column of air it is the airplane which must be moved while the air remains more or less stationary. But the end result is the same: that is, the air moves with relation to the wing.

To produce this motion, an airplane uses an engine to drive an air propeller, which "bites" into a quantity of air at each revolution. This cause the airplane to move rapidly along the ground. When sufficient speed has been obtained in this fashion the airplane can take off. rY'- 1 IE I -s I Whenever a stream of liquid, or gas, is caused to move rapidly it produces a low pressure area a so-called "partial vacuum" around it. This is known as the Bernoulli effect.

We can see this principle applied in a practical fashion by examin ing the ordinary fly and pamt- sprayers; or by making a sprayer of our own. For this we will need a corner of a cardboard box, a short length of Scotch or adhesive tape and an ordinary drinking straw. With a sharp knife cut the straw in half, then cut off the corner from a two-inch square of cardboard. Attach the two straws to the edges of cardboard as shown in the diagram at No. 1.

An air gap of about a 16th of an inch should separate the straws at the corner. The vertical straw should be so positioned that the top is at the midpoint of the horizontal straw. Now dip the vertical straw into a glass of water and blow into the horizontal straw. When this is done the water is lifted up over the top of the vertical tube where the force of the air breaks it up into very fine particles which issue as a spray. This experiment demonstrates the formation of an area of diminished pressure a partial vacuum produced by a gas, or air, in rapid motion Let us now carry our experiment one step further.

About three eighths of an inch from the edges bend up the two narrow ends of an ordinary visiting card. On the legs thus formed rest the card on a table. (See illustration 2.) Now try to blow it over. You will find that the harder you blow the more PARTIAL VACUUM erazzW air Modelers to Get Awards THE THREE RING BLOCK PUZZLE It doesn't require a magician to produce the ten pieces of doll furniture from this block, but (here is a trick to putting them together again to form the block. Nine cuts with a coping saw or scroll saw produce the ten pieces.

Craft Pattern No. 1229 shows how to make the cuts. THE BLOCK 1229 lsSMhV VwT) X. lil JthTpeg ,1 YjAooodone TEN PIECE PUZZLE BOARD PUZZLE for the boys in camp 7S A liSST 6jiool For puuU that impl to make but hard to solve try the Deo board gunk ffl 1 rn No. 1229 show how to make the hamrA I wejn iwinv tre pegs until only the center peg remains.

fhr PAPER "7" RISES) I s' PRESSURE6" For fuN-size patterns and directions for making and solving the above puzzles, send tO cents for Craft Pattern No. 1229. Enclose a 3-ccnt stamp for 46-pago 'illustrated Catalog of Craft Patterns. PITTSBURGH PRESS CRAFT PATTERNS P. O.

Box Pittsburgh, Pa. Please send me The Pittsburgh Press Craft Patterns which I have checked and for which I enclose 10 cents each, in coin. 1229 (10c) Check here and enclose a 3-cent stamp if you want illustrated catalog of Pittsburgh Press Craft Patterns available. Name Address City State .7".